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(1) MIT: New insights on fusion power

David Chandler, MIT News Office
December 3, 2008

Research carried out at MIT's Alcator C-Mod fusion reactor may have brought the promise of fusion as a future power source a bit closer to reality, though scientists caution that a practical fusion powerplant is still decades away.

Adapted from - http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2008/fusion-results-tt1203.html


(2)Disappearing superconductivity reappears -- in 2-D

Scientists studying a material that appeared to lose its ability to carry current with no resistance say new measurements reveal that the material is indeed a superconductor -- but only in two dimensions. Equally surprising, this new form of 2-D superconductivity emerges at a higher temperature than ordinary 3-D superconductivity in other compositions of the same material.

Adapted from - http://www.bnl.gov/bnlweb/pubaf/pr/PR_display.asp?prID=865

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December 7, 2008

Mineralogy Database


Mineralogy Database

Chemistry online Resources

Link - http://www.webmineral.com/

"Mineral data for individual species are linked to mineral tables by crystallography, crystal structures, X-Ray powder diffraction, chemical composition, physical and optical properties, Dana's New classification, Strunz classification, mineral specimen images, and alphabetical listings of mineral species. There also are extensive links to other external sources of mineral data and information"[1].
1.http://www.webmineral.com/

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XRayView

XRayView - Chemistry Software

Chemistry online Resources

XRayView, G. N. Phillips Lab, supported by W. M. Keck Foundation. a Teaching Aid for X-ray Crystallography

XRayView : A Virtual X-Ray Crystallography Laboratory

Link - http://phillips-lab.biochem.wisc.edu/software.html

"This software uses interactive computer graphics to introduce basic concepts of X-ray diffraction by crystals, including the reciprocal lattice, the Ewald sphere construction, Laue cones, the wavelength dependence of the reciprocal lattice, primitive and centered lattices and systematic extinctions, rotation photography, Laue photography, space group determination and Laue group symmetry, and the alignment of crystals by examination of reciprocal space.

XRayView is designed with "user-friendliness" in mind, using Motif style, pull-down menus to control the program. Many of the experiences of using real X-ray diffraction equipment to examine crystalline diffraction can be simulated. Exercises are available on-line to guide the users through typical X-ray diffraction experiments"[1].
1.http://phillips-lab.biochem.wisc.edu/software.html

XRayPlot

Link - http://phillips-lab.biochem.wisc.edu/software.html

"XRayPlot allows plots of arbitrary planes of diffraction data given the space group symmetry, the unit cell dimensions, and a list of intensities or structure factor amplitudes with their associated hkl indices"[1].
1.http://phillips-lab.biochem.wisc.edu/software.html

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Crystal structure analysis


Crystal structure analysis

Chemistry online Resources

Internet Course: Structure Determination by Powder Diffractometry (SDPD), Universite du Maine, France. Learn how to determine a crystal structure from powder diffraction data with experts help

Link - http://sdpd.univ-lemans.fr/course/index.html

The SDPD (Structure Determination by Powder Diffractometry) Internet Course is accomplished in 10 sessions, exclusively on Internet and asynchronous. Students are expected to work at least 8 hours per week on the documents and exercises sent by e-mail. The diploma is attributed after a final examination consisting in the structure determination of an unknown compound in 2 weeks.

Various teaching material prepared by A. D. Hunter, A. D. Hunter. Includes a student friendly lab manual on using the SHELXTL (and to a lesser extent SHELX) package of single-crystal programs to solve routine crystal structures. Also available at http://www.as.ysu.edu/~adhunter/YSUSC/index.html

Link - http://www.as.ysu.edu/~adhunter/Teaching/Chem832/index.html

Practical Guide to Solving Single Crystal Structures, Manuel A. Fernandes. Guide to solving crystal structures using WinGX together with other well know crystallographic packages such as Platon and Mercury

Link - http://www.gh.wits.ac.za/manuel/solving-xtals/

"This webpage hosts a guide to solving crystal structures using WinGX together with other well know crystallographic packages such as Platon and Mercury. Currently Chapter 1 (describing the theory behind crystallography at a very basic level) is missing and will be added later. This was however covered in the lectures and can be found in any crystallography text book. In addition, a fifth chapter describing the structure solution of disordered structures still has be added"[1].
1.http://www.gh.wits.ac.za/manuel/solving-xtals/

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Mathematical techniques in Powder diffraction


Mathematical techniques in Powder diffraction

Chemistry online Resources

Pepinsky's Machine, N. M. Glykos. A teaching aid to illustrate the principles and the application of the Fourier series in crystallography

Link - http://utopia.duth.gr/~glykos/pepinsky.html
  • "Pepinsky's Machine is free software and you are encouraged to use, copy, modify, and distribute both the program and its documentation (PDF, 1.1 MBytes).

  • If you ever need to reference this program in your publications (but note that you are not required -at least by me- to do so), please use the following citation : Glykos, N.M. (1999), "Pepinsky's Machine : an interactive, graphics-based Fourier synthesis program with applications in teaching and research.", J. Appl. Crystallogr., 32, 821-823.
    Electronic reprint (660 KBytes) : Local copy, or directly from J. Appl. Cryst. 32, 821-823, FREE ITEM, Copyright © International Union of Crystallography"[1].
1.http://utopia.duth.gr/~glykos/pepinsky.html


Statistical Descriptors in Crystallography, D. Schwarzenbach et al. Reports of a working group appointed by the IUCr Nomenclature Committee

Link - http://ww1.iucr.org/comm/cnom/statdes/preface.html

This document provides an authoratitive statement of the use of statistics in crystallography. The document contains a Glossary of statistical terms and sections on the following topics:
Analytical Inorganic Organic Physical

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Worked examples in the Geometry of Crystals - PDF Book


Worked examples in the Geometry of Crystals - PDF Book

Chemistry online Resources

Worked examples in the Geometry of Crystals, H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia. The book deals with the mathematical crystallography of materials. It is intended for use by students and by anyone interested in phase transformations or interfaces.

Link - http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/phase-trans/2001/crystal.html

Worked examples in the Geometry of Crystals, the 2nd edition, published in 2001 (updated 2006), is now available for free download from this site.

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This site provides thermochemical, thermophysical, and ion energetics data compiled by NIST under the Standard Reference Data Program.


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